April 15, 2026 -- For decades, scientists have known that the emergent behaviour of many interacting quantum particles holds the key to some of the biggest challenges in physics  –  from understanding advanced materials to enabling future technologies. However, these systems are often too complex to study, requiring new theoretical approaches and experimental techniques.

A new £9,987,529 research programme supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), and led by Durham University, is helping to change that. Bringing together leading researchers from King’s College London, Imperial College London, and the University of Birmingham, new light is being shed on the behaviour of interacting quantum systems.

The programme focuses on developing and studying systems of ultracold polar molecules where quantum effects can be precisely engineered. By controlling how these particles interact, researchers can begin to explore novel states of quantum matter with no classical analogue. This could lead to a better understanding of quantum materials, and future quantum technologies.

At King’s, Joe Bhaseen, Professor of Theoretical Physics, is providing theoretical expertise to help understand these systems. His work centres on quantum many-body physics, or the challenge of predicting how vast numbers of particles behave collectively. He develops theoretical techniques, ranging from applications of quantum field theory to numerical algorithms, to model their behaviour.

Experimental teams at Durham and Imperial are pioneering state of the art experimental platforms that allow researchers to trap and control individual molecules using laser-based techniques. Theorists at King’s, Durham, and the University of Birmingham will provide mathematical insight to guide experiment and interpret the results.

The collaboration is extremely valuable as it brings together world leading expertise in cooling and manipulating different types of molecules with diverse theoretical input.

Professor Bhaseen said:

“This programme really opens the door to studying emergent behaviour using ultracold molecules. When large numbers of particles interact, they can produce entirely new properties, often very different from those of the individual particles. 

“The potential impact includes the ability to create and control new states of quantum matter and to image these states directly.

“I’m also really looking forward to working with our exceptionally talented team of Early Career Researchers. Their involvement ensures that we continue to foster the development of the next generation of experts to explore the frontiers of quantum science and technology.”

Funded over five years, the programme marks a new phase in quantum research, bringing challenging scientific questions within reach.